National Certified Addiction Counselor, Level 2 (NCAC II) Practice Exam Exam

What does ballismus involve?

1. Involuntary muscle rigidity

2. Violent flinging movements of limbs or body parts

3. Incessant tremors

4. Gradual loss of motor control

The correct answer is: Violent flinging movements of limbs or body parts

Ballismus is characterized by violent flinging movements of the limbs or body parts, which can occur unilaterally or bilaterally. This movement disorder is often the result of lesions in certain areas of the brain, primarily affecting the basal ganglia, which are responsible for coordinating movement. The term originates from the Latin word "ballismus," which means to throw or fling. The nature of the movements in ballismus contrasts sharply with other movement disorders. For example, involuntary muscle rigidity (as seen in conditions like Parkinson's disease) causes stiff and rigid muscles rather than flinging motions. Incessant tremors involve rhythmic, oscillating movements typically found in other types of motor dysfunction but do not reflect the violent actions seen in ballismus. Finally, gradual loss of motor control can indicate a wider array of neurological issues rather than the specific, dramatic movements associated with ballismus. Understanding the characteristics of ballismus is crucial for differentiating it from other movement disorders, as accurate diagnosis can significantly impact treatment approaches.