National Certified Addiction Counselor, Level 2 (NCAC II) Practice Exam Exam

What class of medication requires patients to avoid foods high in tyramine?

1. SSRIs

2. Tricyclics

3. MAOIs

4. Beta Blockers

The correct answer is: MAOIs

The correct answer highlights the importance of dietary restrictions associated with a specific class of medications known as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs). MAOIs are primarily used in the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders, and they work by blocking the action of monoamine oxidase, an enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. When patients take MAOIs, consuming foods high in tyramine can lead to serious and potentially dangerous reactions. Tyramine is an amino acid found in various foods, including aged cheeses, cured meats, fermented products, and certain alcoholic beverages. In patients on MAOIs, tyramine can accumulate in the body because the enzyme that normally helps to break it down is inhibited. This can result in a hypertensive crisis, characterized by a sudden and dangerous increase in blood pressure, which may require immediate medical attention. Understanding this interaction is crucial in addiction counseling, as many clients may be taking MAOIs as part of their treatment for co-occurring mental health issues. Knowledge of dietary restrictions can guide clients in making safer choices while undergoing treatment with these medications.