National Certified Addiction Counselor, Level 2 (NCAC II) Practice Exam Exam

What aspect do both Freud and Erikson emphasize in their theories?

1. Significance of genetic predisposition

2. Importance of childhood events on development

3. Role of social culture in mental health

4. Focus on physiological responses

The correct answer is: Importance of childhood events on development

Both Freud and Erikson emphasize the importance of childhood events on development in their respective theories. Freud's psychoanalytic theory posits that early experiences, particularly those related to psychosexual stages, significantly influence personality development and psychological functioning throughout an individual's life. He believed that unresolved conflicts during these stages could lead to psychological issues in adulthood. Erikson, building on Freud's framework, proposed a psychosocial theory that extends through the entire lifespan. He introduced the concept of developmental stages that each individual must navigate, starting from infancy and continuing to old age. Erikson's stages highlight the significance of social interactions and experiences during childhood, such as trust versus mistrust or identity versus role confusion, which are crucial in shaping one’s personality and social behaviors. By focusing on how childhood experiences play a pivotal role in later development, both theorists underscore a foundational element in understanding human psychology, which is the lasting impact of early life experiences on individual growth and functioning. This shared emphasis on childhood events is a key aspect that aligns their theories, despite their differing approaches and focal points.